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Wilson's disease is a rare inherited disorder that causes toxic copper accumulation in the liver, brain, and other vital organs. It is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene, which prevents the body from properly eliminating excess copper. The Ceruloplasmin test is the most important blood test for diagnosis because most people with Wilson's disease have significantly low ceruloplasmin levels.
Wilson's disease is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene, which codes for a protein responsible for transporting copper out of cells and into bile for elimination. When this gene is defective, copper cannot be properly removed from the body and accumulates to toxic levels in the liver, brain, eyes, and other organs. This inherited disorder follows an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning you must inherit two defective gene copies (one from each parent) to develop the condition.
The Ceruloplasmin test is the most important blood test for Wilson's disease because it measures the copper-carrying protein that is typically low in people with this condition. Most individuals with Wilson's disease have ceruloplasmin levels below 20 mg/dL, making this a key diagnostic marker. Additional testing includes the Copper, Serum or Plasma test to measure total copper levels and the Copper, Random Urine test to assess how much copper your body is trying to eliminate. The Alkaline Phosphatase test provides supporting information as levels are often unusually low in Wilson's disease due to liver dysfunction. A comprehensive diagnosis typically requires a combination of these tests along with clinical evaluation.
You should get tested if you experience unexplained liver problems, neurological symptoms like tremors or difficulty speaking, psychiatric changes including depression or personality shifts, or notice golden-brown rings around your corneas (Kayser-Fleischer rings). Testing is especially important if you have a family history of Wilson's disease or if your siblings have been diagnosed, since this is an inherited genetic condition. Early detection is critical because Wilson's disease is treatable with proper medical management, but can cause permanent liver and brain damage if left undiagnosed.
What this means
Your testosterone levels are slightly below the optimal range. While this is not necessarily cause for concern, it may contribute to occasional fatigue, reduced motivation, or lower muscle mass over time.
Recommended actions
Increase resistance or strength training
Prioritize 7–8 hours of quality sleep per night, try to reduce stress
Include more zinc- and magnesium-rich foods (like shellfish, beef, pumpkin seeds, spinach)
Consider retesting in 3–6 months
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