Thiamine Deficiency Blood Test

What is Thiamine deficiency?

Thiamine deficiency, also known as vitamin B1 deficiency, is a nutritional disorder that affects nerve and muscle function throughout the body. It is caused by inadequate dietary intake, chronic alcohol abuse, or conditions that impair absorption such as Crohns disease or celiac disease. The Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) LC/MS/MS test is the most important test for diagnosis because it accurately measures thiamine levels in the blood using advanced mass spectrometry technology.

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What causes thiamine deficiency?

Thiamine deficiency is caused by inadequate dietary intake of vitamin B1, chronic alcohol abuse, or conditions that prevent proper absorption of nutrients in the digestive system. Alcohol interferes with thiamine absorption in the intestines and increases its excretion through the kidneys, making alcoholics particularly vulnerable. Digestive disorders like Crohns disease, celiac disease, and prolonged diarrhea can also prevent your body from absorbing enough thiamine from food, even if your diet contains adequate amounts.

What is the best test for thiamine deficiency?

The Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) LC/MS/MS test is the most important test for thiamine deficiency because it uses advanced liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technology to precisely measure thiamine levels in your blood. This test is essential for anyone experiencing unexplained fatigue, memory problems, irritability, sleep disturbances, or digestive issues, especially if you have risk factors like poor nutrition, alcohol use, or absorption disorders. The LC/MS/MS method provides highly accurate results that help your doctor determine if your symptoms are related to low vitamin B1 levels and guide appropriate treatment to prevent serious neurological complications.

When should I get tested for thiamine deficiency?

You should get tested if you experience unexplained fatigue, memory problems, confusion, muscle weakness, or tingling sensations in your hands or feet, particularly if you have risk factors. Get tested immediately if you drink alcohol regularly, have an eating disorder, follow a very restricted diet, or have been diagnosed with conditions like Crohns disease, celiac disease, or chronic diarrhea that affect nutrient absorption. Early detection through blood testing is crucial because thiamine deficiency can progress to serious conditions like Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which causes permanent brain damage if left untreated.

What are the symptoms of thiamine deficiency?
Thiamine deficiency symptoms include persistent fatigue, irritability, poor memory and concentration, sleep disturbances, loss of appetite, and abdominal discomfort. As the deficiency worsens, you might notice muscle weakness, tingling or numbness in your hands and feet, difficulty walking, rapid heart rate, and shortness of breath. Severe thiamine deficiency can lead to beriberi, which affects the cardiovascular and nervous systems, or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which causes confusion, vision problems, and permanent memory loss.
Who is at risk for thiamine deficiency?
People who regularly consume alcohol are at highest risk because alcohol blocks thiamine absorption and increases its loss through urine. Others at risk include individuals with eating disorders, those following extremely restrictive diets, elderly people with poor nutrition, and anyone with digestive conditions like Crohns disease, celiac disease, or chronic diarrhea. People who have undergone bariatric surgery, those receiving long-term dialysis, and individuals with HIV/AIDS or cancer also have increased risk due to malabsorption or increased nutrient needs.
What happens if thiamine deficiency is left untreated?
Untreated thiamine deficiency progresses to serious and potentially irreversible conditions affecting your heart and brain. Wet beriberi develops when the deficiency affects your cardiovascular system, causing heart failure, rapid heartbeat, and severe fluid retention that can be life-threatening. Dry beriberi damages your nervous system, leading to permanent nerve damage, muscle weakness, and paralysis. The most severe complication is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, a brain disorder that causes confusion, vision problems, loss of muscle coordination, and permanent memory damage that cannot be reversed even with treatment.
Can thiamine deficiency be diagnosed with a blood test?
Thiamine deficiency is definitively diagnosed with a blood test that measures vitamin B1 levels directly. The Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) LC/MS/MS test uses advanced mass spectrometry technology to provide highly accurate measurements of thiamine in your bloodstream. This test is superior to relying on symptoms alone because thiamine deficiency symptoms overlap with many other conditions, making clinical diagnosis difficult. Blood testing allows for early detection before severe complications develop and helps your doctor monitor your response to thiamine supplementation.
How is thiamine deficiency treated?
Thiamine deficiency is treated with high-dose vitamin B1 supplementation, typically starting with thiamine injections or intravenous administration for rapid correction, especially in severe cases or when absorption is impaired. After initial treatment, you will transition to oral thiamine supplements, usually 50-100 mg daily, along with dietary improvements to include thiamine-rich foods like whole grains, legumes, nuts, pork, and fortified cereals. Treatment also addresses the underlying cause, such as alcohol cessation programs, treatment of digestive disorders, or nutritional counseling to ensure adequate dietary intake moving forward.
How can I prevent thiamine deficiency?
Prevent thiamine deficiency by eating a balanced diet rich in vitamin B1, including whole grains, brown rice, legumes, nuts, seeds, pork, fish, and fortified breakfast cereals. Limit or eliminate alcohol consumption, as alcohol is the leading preventable cause of thiamine deficiency. If you have digestive conditions that affect absorption, work closely with your doctor to monitor your vitamin levels and take supplements as recommended. People following restrictive diets, recovering from eating disorders, or with increased nutrient needs should consider taking a daily multivitamin containing B-complex vitamins.
What can I do at home for thiamine deficiency?
At home, focus on eating thiamine-rich foods daily, including whole grain breads and cereals, brown rice, oatmeal, black beans, lentils, sunflower seeds, almonds, and lean pork. Take an over-the-counter B-complex vitamin supplement as directed on the label if you are at risk for deficiency. Avoid alcohol completely, as it depletes thiamine stores and blocks absorption. However, home measures alone are not sufficient if you already have symptoms of deficiency—you need blood testing and medical treatment to prevent serious complications, so consult a healthcare provider if you experience fatigue, memory problems, or neurological symptoms.
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Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) LC/MS/MS
Google reviews 505 reviews
$103 $80
What's included
Fast & easy, results by email & SMS
No need to visit a doctor
Private & confidential
No insurance needed
Results explained
No extra fees paid at the lab

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