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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks healthy tissues and organs throughout the body. It is caused by the production of autoantibodies, particularly antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, which trigger widespread inflammation and tissue damage. The ANA Screen IFA with Reflex to Titer and Pattern is the most important initial test for diagnosis, as it detects the autoantibodies characteristic of lupus.
Lupus is caused by a malfunction in the immune system that produces autoantibodies, particularly antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, which attack the body's own healthy tissues. These autoantibodies target cell nuclei and DNA, triggering widespread inflammation that can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, and blood vessels. While the exact trigger is unknown, genetic factors, hormones (particularly estrogen), environmental exposures like sunlight and infections, and certain medications can all contribute to the development of this autoimmune response.
The ANA Screen IFA with Reflex to Titer and Pattern is the most important initial test for lupus because it detects antinuclear antibodies present in over 95% of people with SLE. This test not only identifies whether ANA is present but also provides the titer (concentration) and pattern of the antibodies, which helps guide diagnosis and further testing. For confirmed diagnosis, the Anti-dsDNA (Double-Stranded) Antibodies test is essential because these specific antibodies are highly characteristic of lupus and their levels correlate with disease activity. Additional important tests include Complement Component C3c to monitor immune system consumption during flares, and the Sedimentation Rate test to measure overall inflammation levels in your body.
You should get tested if you experience unexplained fatigue along with joint pain and swelling, especially if you notice a butterfly-shaped rash across your cheeks and nose. Testing is also important if you have recurring fevers without infection, extreme sensitivity to sunlight that causes rashes, unexplained hair loss, mouth sores, or fingers that turn white or blue in the cold (Raynaud's phenomenon). Women of childbearing age with a family history of autoimmune diseases should consider testing if they develop these symptoms, as lupus is more common in women and often appears between ages 15 and 45.
What this means
Your testosterone levels are slightly below the optimal range. While this is not necessarily cause for concern, it may contribute to occasional fatigue, reduced motivation, or lower muscle mass over time.
Recommended actions
Increase resistance or strength training
Prioritize 7–8 hours of quality sleep per night, try to reduce stress
Include more zinc- and magnesium-rich foods (like shellfish, beef, pumpkin seeds, spinach)
Consider retesting in 3–6 months
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