Severe Hepatitis B Infection Blood Test

What is Severe Hepatitis B infection?

Severe Hepatitis B infection is a life-threatening viral liver disease that causes significant liver damage and can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. It is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which actively replicates in liver cells, destroying them and triggering inflammation. The Hepatitis Be Antigen test is the most important test for diagnosis because it measures viral replication activity and indicates infection severity.

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What causes Severe Hepatitis B infection?

Severe Hepatitis B infection is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which infects liver cells and replicates rapidly, leading to extensive liver damage. The virus spreads through contact with infected blood, semen, or other body fluids, often through unprotected sex, sharing needles, or from mother to baby during childbirth. When the immune system cannot control the viral replication, the infection becomes severe, causing inflammation, scarring, and potentially life-threatening complications like cirrhosis and liver failure.

What is the best test for Severe Hepatitis B infection?

The Hepatitis Be Antigen (HBeAg) test is the most important test for Severe Hepatitis B infection because it directly measures active viral replication and indicates how contagious and severe the infection is. High levels of HBeAg mean the virus is multiplying rapidly in your liver, which signals a severe infection that needs immediate treatment to prevent permanent liver damage. This test helps doctors determine treatment urgency and monitor whether antiviral therapy is working to suppress the virus and protect your liver from cirrhosis and cancer.

When should I get tested for Severe Hepatitis B infection?

You should get tested if you experience symptoms like extreme fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes), dark urine, severe abdominal pain, or persistent nausea and vomiting. Testing is also critical if you have been exposed to Hepatitis B through unprotected sex with an infected partner, shared needles, or accidental needle sticks in healthcare settings. Anyone already diagnosed with Hepatitis B who notices worsening symptoms or has risk factors for severe disease should get tested immediately to assess infection severity and prevent life-threatening complications.

What are the symptoms of Severe Hepatitis B infection?
Symptoms of Severe Hepatitis B infection include extreme fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes), dark brown urine, pale stools, and severe abdominal pain particularly in the upper right side where the liver is located. You might also experience persistent nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, joint pain, and fever. In advanced cases, severe infection can cause confusion, fluid accumulation in the abdomen (ascites), easy bruising or bleeding, and swelling in the legs, which are signs of liver failure requiring immediate medical attention.
Who is at risk for Severe Hepatitis B infection?
People at highest risk include those who engage in unprotected sex with multiple partners or with someone infected with Hepatitis B, injection drug users who share needles, healthcare workers exposed to blood, and babies born to infected mothers. Individuals living in or traveling to regions where Hepatitis B is common (parts of Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Islands) face increased risk. People with weakened immune systems from HIV, cancer treatment, or immunosuppressive medications are more likely to develop severe infection because their bodies cannot fight the virus effectively.
What happens if Severe Hepatitis B infection is left untreated?
Untreated Severe Hepatitis B infection leads to progressive liver damage, with the virus continuing to destroy liver cells and causing permanent scarring called cirrhosis. Cirrhosis severely impairs liver function and can progress to complete liver failure, which is fatal without a liver transplant. Chronic severe infection also dramatically increases your risk of developing liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), which is one of the deadliest forms of cancer. Without treatment, severe Hepatitis B can cause death from liver failure, internal bleeding, or cancer within months to years.
Can Severe Hepatitis B infection be diagnosed with a blood test?
Yes, Severe Hepatitis B infection is diagnosed primarily through blood tests that detect viral markers and assess liver function. The Hepatitis Be Antigen (HBeAg) test is essential for identifying severe infection because it measures active viral replication, while other blood tests check for antibodies, viral DNA levels, and liver enzymes that indicate liver damage. Blood tests are the gold standard for diagnosis because they provide specific information about infection severity, viral activity, and liver health that cannot be obtained through symptoms or physical examination alone.
How is Severe Hepatitis B infection treated?
Severe Hepatitis B infection is treated with antiviral medications such as entecavir, tenofovir, or pegylated interferon, which suppress viral replication and reduce liver damage. Treatment aims to lower viral load, prevent cirrhosis and liver cancer, and improve liver function and survival. Patients require regular monitoring with blood tests to assess treatment effectiveness and adjust medications as needed. In cases of advanced liver failure, a liver transplant may be the only life-saving option, though antiviral therapy is continued after transplant to prevent reinfection of the new liver.
How can I prevent Severe Hepatitis B infection?
Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent Hepatitis B infection and should be given to all infants and unvaccinated adults, especially those at high risk. Practice safe sex by using condoms consistently, avoid sharing needles or personal items like razors and toothbrushes that might have blood on them, and ensure proper sterilization of equipment for tattoos and piercings. Healthcare workers should follow strict safety protocols and use protective equipment when handling blood or body fluids. If you are exposed to Hepatitis B, immediate post-exposure prophylaxis with vaccine and immunoglobulin can prevent infection.
What can I do at home to support recovery from Severe Hepatitis B infection?
While home remedies cannot cure Severe Hepatitis B, you can support your liver health by avoiding alcohol completely, as it accelerates liver damage, and maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Get adequate rest to help your body fight the infection and avoid medications that stress the liver, including acetaminophen and certain supplements, unless approved by your doctor. Stay hydrated, avoid fatty and processed foods, and never stop prescribed antiviral medications without consulting your healthcare provider, as consistent treatment is critical for preventing liver failure and complications.
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If you have any questions, please text us at 754-799-7833 or email support@privatemdlabs.com and we'll gladly help you.
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