Pituitary gland disorders occur when the pituitary gland produces too much or too little of the hormones that control other endocrine glands in the body. These disorders are often caused by pituitary tumors (adenomas), genetic mutations, traumatic brain injury, or inflammation that disrupts normal hormone production. The Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) test is the most important test for diagnosing pituitary dysfunction because it directly measures pituitary output and reveals abnormalities in the pituitary-thyroid axis.
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Pituitary gland disorders are caused by pituitary tumors (adenomas), traumatic brain injury, genetic mutations, infections, inflammation, or radiation exposure that damages the gland. Pituitary adenomas are the most common cause and can be functioning tumors that overproduce hormones like prolactin, growth hormone, or ACTH, or non-functioning tumors that compress the gland and reduce hormone production. Other causes include Sheehan syndrome (pituitary damage from severe blood loss during childbirth), autoimmune hypophysitis (inflammatory condition), and congenital conditions affecting pituitary development.
The Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) test is the most important test for pituitary gland disorders because it directly measures a hormone produced by the pituitary gland and reveals how well the pituitary is functioning. Abnormal TSH levels indicate pituitary dysfunction, such as excessive TSH production from a pituitary tumor leading to hyperthyroidism, or low TSH from hypopituitarism. The Thyroxine (T4) Total test is also essential because it measures the downstream thyroid hormone that TSH controls, helping assess how pituitary dysfunction affects overall thyroid function. Together, these tests evaluate the critical pituitary-thyroid axis and detect imbalances caused by pituitary tumors or gland damage.
You should get tested if you experience unexplained weight changes, persistent fatigue, irregular menstrual periods, decreased sex drive, vision problems, frequent headaches, or unusual growth patterns. Testing is also important if you have symptoms of hormone imbalance like excessive thirst and urination, cold intolerance, depression, muscle weakness, or changes in facial appearance. Early testing helps identify pituitary tumors or hormone deficiencies before they cause serious complications like vision loss, infertility, or cardiovascular problems.
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What this means
Your testosterone levels are slightly below the optimal range. While this is not necessarily cause for concern, it may contribute to occasional fatigue, reduced motivation, or lower muscle mass over time.
Recommended actions
Increase resistance or strength training
Prioritize 7–8 hours of quality sleep per night, try to reduce stress
Include more zinc- and magnesium-rich foods (like shellfish, beef, pumpkin seeds, spinach)
Consider retesting in 3–6 months
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