Past Chickenpox Infection Blood Test

What is Past infection of Chickenpox?

Past infection of chickenpox refers to previous exposure to the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that has resolved but left lasting antibodies in the body. It is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which remains dormant in nerve tissues after the initial infection clears. The Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Antibodies, IgG test is the most important test for confirming past chickenpox infection and immunity status.

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What causes past infection of chickenpox?

Past infection of chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a highly contagious herpes virus that spreads through respiratory droplets or direct contact with the characteristic itchy blisters. Once you contract chickenpox, your immune system produces antibodies that fight off the active infection, typically within 1-2 weeks. After the infection clears, the virus remains dormant in your nerve root ganglia for life, and your body maintains IgG antibodies that provide lasting immunity against future chickenpox infections.

What is the best test for past chickenpox infection?

The Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Antibodies, IgG test is the most important test for confirming past chickenpox infection because it specifically detects IgG antibodies that remain in your bloodstream for life after exposure to the virus. This blood test measures the concentration of these protective antibodies, with high levels indicating immunity from either natural infection or vaccination. The test is essential for healthcare workers, pregnant women, and anyone who needs documented proof of immunity, especially when childhood infection history is unclear or unavailable.

When should I get tested for past chickenpox infection?

You should get tested if you are unsure whether you had chickenpox as a child and need to verify immunity for employment in healthcare settings, during pregnancy planning, before starting immunosuppressive medications, or if you have been exposed to someone with active chickenpox. Testing is also important if you are over age 50 and considering the shingles vaccine, as past chickenpox infection is required for shingles to develop. Many schools, hospitals, and medical programs require documented proof of immunity through blood testing rather than relying on personal or parental recollection.

What are the symptoms of past chickenpox infection?
Past chickenpox infection itself has no current symptoms, as the active disease has already resolved. However, the original infection typically presented with an itchy, blister-like rash that started on the face, chest, and back before spreading across the entire body, along with fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, and headache. Most people who had chickenpox remember the characteristic red spots that turned into fluid-filled blisters and eventually crusted over. Some individuals may have had such mild cases in childhood that they do not remember the infection, which is why blood testing is valuable for confirming past exposure.
Who is at risk for past chickenpox infection?
Anyone born before 1995 in the United States is highly likely to have had chickenpox, as the vaccine was not widely available until 1995 and the virus was extremely common in childhood. People born in countries without routine chickenpox vaccination programs also have high rates of past infection. However, individuals who were vaccinated in childhood may have vaccine-induced immunity rather than natural infection immunity. Those who were isolated from other children, had unusually strong immune systems, or grew up in areas with low population density may have escaped natural infection entirely and could lack immunity if unvaccinated.
What happens if past chickenpox infection is left unconfirmed?
If you never confirm whether you had chickenpox and lack immunity, you remain vulnerable to contracting chickenpox as an adult, which typically causes more severe symptoms, higher fever, and greater risk of complications like pneumonia, encephalitis, or bacterial skin infections compared to childhood cases. Pregnant women without immunity who contract chickenpox face risks of birth defects or serious complications for both mother and baby. Healthcare workers without confirmed immunity may be barred from patient care during chickenpox outbreaks. Additionally, if you had chickenpox but are unaware, you remain at risk for developing shingles later in life when the dormant virus reactivates, causing painful nerve-related rashes.
Can past chickenpox infection be diagnosed with a blood test?
Yes, past chickenpox infection is definitively diagnosed with a blood test that measures varicella-zoster virus IgG antibodies. The VZV IgG antibody test detects the specific immune proteins your body produced in response to the virus, which remain detectable for life after infection. A positive result confirms immunity from either natural infection or vaccination, while a negative result indicates you have never been exposed to the virus and may need vaccination. Blood testing is far more reliable than relying on memory or medical records, especially for people who may have had mild or asymptomatic infections as children.
How is past chickenpox infection treated?
Past chickenpox infection itself requires no treatment, as the active disease has already resolved and your immune system has developed lasting antibodies. If blood testing reveals you lack immunity and have never had chickenpox, your healthcare provider will likely recommend the varicella vaccine, which is given in two doses 4-8 weeks apart for adults. If you had chickenpox in the past, your main concern is preventing shingles, for which the Shingrix vaccine is recommended for adults over 50. The dormant virus can reactivate as shingles, especially during times of stress or weakened immunity, so maintaining overall health and considering shingles vaccination are the primary preventive strategies.
How can I prevent complications from past chickenpox infection?
To prevent shingles, which is the main complication of past chickenpox infection, the CDC recommends the Shingrix vaccine for adults aged 50 and older, even if you had the older shingles vaccine. Maintaining a healthy immune system through adequate sleep, stress management, regular exercise, and a balanced diet helps keep the dormant virus from reactivating. If you develop symptoms of shingles such as burning pain followed by a blistery rash on one side of your body, seek medical attention within 72 hours for antiviral medication that can reduce severity and duration. Avoiding immunosuppressive conditions when possible and managing chronic diseases effectively also reduces your risk of viral reactivation.
What natural remedies help with past chickenpox infection concerns?
Since past chickenpox infection is dormant in your body, natural approaches focus on supporting immune function to prevent shingles reactivation. Eating foods rich in lysine (such as fish, chicken, and legumes) while limiting arginine-rich foods (like nuts and chocolate) may help suppress viral reactivation, though evidence is limited. Managing stress through meditation, yoga, or regular exercise supports overall immune health. Getting adequate sleep, maintaining vitamin D levels through sunlight or supplementation, and eating antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables all contribute to a strong immune system. If you develop shingles, cool compresses and oatmeal baths can soothe the rash, though medical treatment with antivirals is still essential for the best outcome.
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Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Antibodies, IgG (Chickenpox)
What's included
Fast & easy, results by email & SMS
No need to visit a doctor
Private & confidential
No insurance needed
Results explained
No extra fees paid at the lab

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