Ovarian aging and diminished ovarian reserve is the natural decline in the quantity and quality of eggs in a woman's ovaries over time. It is caused by the progressive depletion of ovarian follicles and declining Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) production as women age. The Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) test is the most important test for diagnosis because it directly measures ovarian reserve and fertility potential.
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Ovarian aging and diminished ovarian reserve is caused by the natural depletion of ovarian follicles that begins at birth and accelerates after age 35. Women are born with a finite number of eggs (approximately 1-2 million), and this supply continuously decreases throughout life through a process called atresia. Hormonal changes, particularly declining Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) and rising Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) levels, reflect this progressive loss of egg quantity and quality. Additional factors like genetics, smoking, chemotherapy, radiation, autoimmune conditions, and endometriosis can accelerate ovarian aging beyond normal age-related decline.
The Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) test is the most important test for ovarian aging and diminished ovarian reserve because it directly measures the hormone produced by developing follicles in the ovaries, providing an accurate assessment of your remaining egg supply. AMH levels correlate strongly with the number of eggs available and can predict fertility potential better than age alone. Lower AMH levels (typically below 1.0 ng/mL) indicate diminished ovarian reserve, while higher levels suggest better ovarian function. This test is particularly valuable for women considering pregnancy, planning fertility treatments like IVF, or wanting to understand their reproductive timeline. Your doctor may also order FSH and estradiol tests on day 3 of your menstrual cycle to provide additional information about ovarian function.
You should get tested if you are over 35 and planning to conceive, have been trying to get pregnant for 6-12 months without success, or have irregular or absent menstrual periods. Testing is also recommended if you have a family history of early menopause, have undergone chemotherapy or pelvic radiation, or are considering egg freezing to preserve fertility. Women with conditions like endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) should also consider testing, as these can affect ovarian reserve. Early testing allows you to make informed decisions about family planning and explore fertility preservation options if needed.
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What this means
Your testosterone levels are slightly below the optimal range. While this is not necessarily cause for concern, it may contribute to occasional fatigue, reduced motivation, or lower muscle mass over time.
Recommended actions
Increase resistance or strength training
Prioritize 7–8 hours of quality sleep per night, try to reduce stress
Include more zinc- and magnesium-rich foods (like shellfish, beef, pumpkin seeds, spinach)
Consider retesting in 3–6 months
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