What causes IgM deficiency?

IgM deficiency is caused by impaired B-cell production of immunoglobulin M antibodies, which are the first line of defense against infections. This deficiency can be genetic or acquired, resulting from mutations affecting B-cell development or antibody production pathways. When the body cannot produce adequate IgM antibodies, it becomes vulnerable to recurrent bacterial and viral infections, particularly those affecting the respiratory tract, sinuses, and gastrointestinal system.

What is the best test for IgM deficiency?

The IgM blood test is the most important test for IgM deficiency because it directly measures the concentration of immunoglobulin M antibodies in your blood. This test provides specific assessment of IgM levels, and results below the normal range confirm the diagnosis. For a more comprehensive evaluation, the Immunoglobulins Panel, Serum is essential because it measures multiple antibody types including IgM, IgG, and IgA, helping doctors differentiate between selective IgM deficiency and other immunodeficiency disorders. This panel reveals whether the immune dysfunction affects only IgM or involves multiple antibody types.

When should I get tested for IgM deficiency?

You should get tested if you experience frequent respiratory infections like bronchitis, pneumonia, or sinus infections that keep coming back. Testing is also important if you have recurring gastrointestinal infections, persistent ear infections, or if you develop infections that are unusually severe or difficult to treat. You should also consider testing if you have a family history of immune disorders or if your doctor has noticed an unusual pattern of infections that suggests weakened immune function.

What are the symptoms of IgM deficiency?

Symptoms of IgM deficiency include recurrent respiratory infections such as bronchitis, pneumonia, and sinusitis that occur more frequently than normal. You might experience persistent or recurring ear infections, gastrointestinal infections with diarrhea, and infections that take longer to clear or are more severe than expected. Some people also develop autoimmune conditions or allergic disorders alongside the increased susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections.

Who is at risk for IgM deficiency?

IgM deficiency can affect anyone, but people with a family history of primary immunodeficiency disorders have higher risk due to genetic factors. Children and adults who experience unusually frequent infections despite otherwise good health may have undiagnosed IgM deficiency. The condition can be present from birth as a genetic disorder or may develop later in life due to certain medications, infections, or other immune system disorders that interfere with antibody production.

What happens if IgM deficiency is left untreated?

If left untreated, IgM deficiency leads to increasingly frequent and severe infections that can cause permanent organ damage. Chronic respiratory infections can result in bronchiectasis, a condition where airways become permanently damaged and widened. Repeated infections may also lead to chronic sinusitis, hearing loss from recurrent ear infections, and increased risk of developing autoimmune conditions. Early diagnosis and treatment with immunoglobulin replacement therapy or prophylactic antibiotics can prevent these complications and significantly improve quality of life.

Can IgM deficiency be diagnosed with a blood test?

Yes, IgM deficiency is diagnosed through blood tests that measure immunoglobulin levels in your serum. The IgM blood test directly measures the concentration of IgM antibodies, and levels significantly below the normal range confirm the diagnosis. Many doctors also order a complete immunoglobulins panel that measures IgM along with IgG and IgA to get a comprehensive picture of immune function and rule out other antibody deficiencies that might coexist.

How is IgM deficiency treated?

Treatment for IgM deficiency focuses on preventing and managing infections through several approaches. Many patients receive prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the frequency of bacterial infections. In more severe cases, immunoglobulin replacement therapy may be recommended, though standard preparations contain primarily IgG. Prompt treatment of infections with appropriate antibiotics is essential, and some patients benefit from vaccinations to boost immune protection. Your healthcare provider will create a personalized treatment plan based on the severity of your deficiency and infection history.

How can I prevent complications from IgM deficiency?

You can prevent complications by working closely with an immunologist who specializes in immune disorders and following your prescribed treatment plan carefully. Practice excellent hygiene including frequent handwashing, avoid close contact with sick individuals, and stay up to date with recommended vaccinations. Seek prompt medical attention at the first sign of infection rather than waiting for symptoms to worsen. Maintaining overall health through proper nutrition, adequate sleep, and stress management also supports your immune system and helps prevent infections.

What can I do at home to support my immune system with IgM deficiency?

At home, focus on maintaining a healthy lifestyle to support your remaining immune function. Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains to provide essential nutrients for immune health. Get adequate sleep of 7-9 hours nightly, as sleep deprivation weakens immune responses. Practice stress-reduction techniques like meditation or yoga, since chronic stress suppresses immunity. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption, as both impair immune function. Keep your living space clean, use air purifiers if needed, and consider avoiding crowded places during cold and flu season to minimize infection exposure.

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IgM Deficiency Blood Test | Private MD Labs

IgM Deficiency Blood Test

What is IgM Deficiency?

IgM deficiency is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by abnormally low levels of immunoglobulin M antibodies in the blood. It is caused by impaired B-cell production of IgM, the first antibody the immune system produces when fighting infections. The IgM blood test is the most important test for diagnosis, as it directly measures IgM antibody concentrations to confirm deficiency.

Written by Private MD Labs Medical Team

Last updated: December 29, 2025

Getting your blood test with us is easy, private & backed by the power of science.

Long story short:

In the test options, use the filters or search box to narrow your choices and find the test you want.
If you need a hand navigating through options, text our super friendly support team at 754-799-7833, and we'll provide tailored suggestions to help you find the ideal test.
Once your order is placed, we’ll create your doctor’s lab order remotely, without any need for you to make a trip to a doctor in person or to talk to the doctor. Expect to receive your doctor’s lab order right in your inbox. It will also be in your patient portal if you need to find it later. We’ll also include instructions regarding fasting and other requirements for your test. Your patient portal will be auto-created hassle-free during checkout.
If this is your first time ordering, you'll be prompted to create a password for instant login access to your patient portal. It's a quick way to conveniently access your orders and results whenever you want.
When you’re ready, visit one of our 4,000 locations. Just bring your ID – no printing or faxing of your lab order is needed, as your order and details will already be in the lab system.
Note that most lab locations don’t accept walk-ins, so it’s best to book an appointment in advance. Don’t worry – we’ll provide detailed instructions along the way.
You’ll get your results via email & SMS and dive into understanding your body better. Yup, that easy!

754-799-7833

support@privatemdlabs.com