IgG Deficiency Blood Test

What is IgG Deficiency?

IgG deficiency is an immunodeficiency disorder where the body produces insufficient levels of Immunoglobulin G antibodies. It is caused by B-cell dysfunction or genetic mutations affecting antibody production, leading to recurrent bacterial and viral infections. The Immunoglobulins Panel, Serum is the most important test for diagnosis as it directly measures IgG levels in the blood.

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What causes IgG deficiency?

IgG deficiency is caused by B-cell dysfunction or genetic mutations that prevent the immune system from producing adequate amounts of Immunoglobulin G antibodies. Some cases result from primary immunodeficiency disorders present from birth, while others develop later due to certain medications, cancers like leukemia or lymphoma, or chronic infections that damage antibody-producing cells. The deficiency leaves your body vulnerable to repeated bacterial and viral infections because IgG is the most abundant antibody type responsible for long-term immune protection.

What is the best test for IgG deficiency?

The Immunoglobulins Panel, Serum is the most important test for IgG deficiency because it directly measures all major immunoglobulin types in your blood, including IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE. This comprehensive panel identifies low IgG levels and determines whether the deficiency affects all antibody types or just IgG specifically. Your doctor may also order IgG subclass testing to identify which of the four IgG subtypes are deficient, as some people have selective deficiencies affecting only certain subclasses while maintaining normal total IgG levels.

When should I get tested for IgG deficiency?

You should get tested if you experience frequent respiratory infections like pneumonia, bronchitis, or sinus infections that occur more than four times per year, especially if they require antibiotics repeatedly. Testing is also recommended if you have chronic diarrhea, unexplained weight loss, recurring ear infections as an adult, or if you develop serious infections from bacteria that normally cause only mild illness. If you have a family history of immune disorders or if your doctor has noticed you heal slowly from infections despite treatment, an immunoglobulin panel can identify whether IgG deficiency is the underlying cause.

What are the symptoms of IgG deficiency?
The primary symptoms of IgG deficiency include recurrent respiratory infections such as sinusitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia that keep returning despite treatment. You might experience chronic ear infections, persistent diarrhea, or gastrointestinal infections that cause ongoing digestive problems. Many people with IgG deficiency notice they catch colds and infections more frequently than others and take longer to recover, and some develop autoimmune conditions or chronic fatigue due to the constant strain on their weakened immune system.
Who is at risk for IgG deficiency?
People with a family history of primary immunodeficiency disorders face higher risk for IgG deficiency, as many forms are inherited genetically. Individuals taking certain immunosuppressive medications for autoimmune diseases or organ transplants can develop secondary IgG deficiency. Patients with blood cancers like chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, or lymphoma are at increased risk because these conditions affect the B-cells that produce antibodies. Additionally, people with severe protein-losing conditions like nephrotic syndrome or protein-losing enteropathy may lose immunoglobulins faster than their bodies can replace them.
What happens if IgG deficiency is left untreated?
Untreated IgG deficiency leads to increasingly severe and frequent infections that can cause permanent organ damage, particularly to the lungs where repeated pneumonia and bronchitis can result in bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The gastrointestinal tract may develop chronic inflammation and malabsorption problems from repeated infections. Without treatment, some people develop life-threatening sepsis from bacteria that healthy immune systems easily control, and the constant infection cycle can trigger autoimmune disorders where the weakened immune system begins attacking the body's own tissues.
Can IgG deficiency be diagnosed with a blood test?
Yes, IgG deficiency is diagnosed primarily through blood tests that measure immunoglobulin levels in your serum. The Immunoglobulins Panel, Serum provides a complete assessment by measuring IgG along with IgA, IgM, and IgE to determine if you have an isolated IgG deficiency or a broader immunodeficiency affecting multiple antibody types. Your doctor compares your IgG level to age-specific reference ranges because normal immunoglobulin levels vary throughout life, and levels below the normal range for your age confirm the diagnosis.
How is IgG deficiency treated?
IgG deficiency is primarily treated with immunoglobulin replacement therapy, where you receive antibodies from healthy donors through intravenous infusions or subcutaneous injections every few weeks to maintain protective antibody levels in your blood. Your doctor may prescribe prophylactic antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections if you have frequent respiratory infections despite immunoglobulin replacement. Treatment also includes prompt antibiotic therapy at the first sign of infection to prevent complications, along with regular monitoring of immunoglobulin levels and lung function to ensure the treatment is working effectively and preventing organ damage.
How can I prevent IgG deficiency?
Primary IgG deficiency caused by genetic factors cannot be prevented, but you can reduce your risk of secondary IgG deficiency by working closely with your doctor when taking immunosuppressive medications and having regular antibody level monitoring. Maintaining overall immune system health through adequate nutrition, particularly ensuring sufficient protein intake for antibody production, supports optimal immunoglobulin levels. If you have a family history of immunodeficiency, genetic counseling before having children can help you understand inheritance risks, and early detection through newborn screening or childhood testing allows for prompt treatment before serious infections occur.
What can I do at home for IgG deficiency?
While IgG deficiency requires medical treatment, you can support your health at home by practicing meticulous hygiene, including frequent handwashing and avoiding close contact with sick individuals to reduce infection exposure. Maintain a nutrient-rich diet with adequate protein, vitamins, and minerals to support whatever antibody production your body can manage. Stay up to date with all recommended vaccinations, though you should discuss with your doctor which vaccines are appropriate since some live vaccines may not be safe with severe immunodeficiency, and avoid crowded places during cold and flu season to minimize your risk of catching infections that your weakened immune system struggles to fight.
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Immunoglobulins Panel, Serum
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$240 $187
What's included
Fast & easy, results by email & SMS
No need to visit a doctor
Private & confidential
No insurance needed
Results explained
No extra fees paid at the lab

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