Eosinophilia Blood Test

What is Eosinophilia?

Eosinophilia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell involved in immune responses. It is caused by allergic disorders, parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases, certain medications, and some types of cancer. The Complete Blood Count with Differential is the most important test for diagnosis.

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What causes eosinophilia?

Eosinophilia is caused by allergic disorders like asthma, hay fever, and eczema, parasitic infections such as roundworms and hookworms, autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, certain medications like antibiotics and NSAIDs, skin conditions like pemphigus and dermatitis herpetiformis, and some types of cancer such as lymphoma and leukemia. Fungal infections, endocrine disorders like Addison disease, and inflammatory bowel disease can also trigger elevated eosinophil levels. In some cases, the exact cause remains unknown, a condition called idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.

What is the best test for eosinophilia?

The Complete Blood Count with Differential is the most important test for eosinophilia because it measures the exact number and percentage of eosinophils in your blood. Normal eosinophil levels range from 1-4% of total white blood cells or 50-500 cells per microliter of blood, and this test identifies when levels exceed these ranges. The differential count breaks down all five types of white blood cells, including eosinophils, allowing your healthcare provider to detect even mild elevations. Once eosinophilia is confirmed, your doctor may order additional tests to identify the underlying cause, such as allergy testing, stool analysis for parasites, or imaging studies.

When should I get tested for eosinophilia?

You should get tested if you have unexplained allergic symptoms, persistent skin rashes or hives, chronic asthma that is difficult to control, suspected parasitic infection after travel to endemic areas, or symptoms of autoimmune disease like joint pain and fatigue. Testing is also recommended if you have been diagnosed with conditions commonly associated with eosinophilia, such as inflammatory bowel disease or certain cancers. If routine blood work shows abnormal white blood cell counts, your doctor may order a CBC with differential to check eosinophil levels specifically.

What are the symptoms of eosinophilia?
Eosinophilia symptoms depend on the underlying cause and may include wheezing and shortness of breath from asthma, skin rashes, hives, or itching from allergic reactions, abdominal pain and diarrhea from parasitic infections, joint pain and swelling from autoimmune conditions, and fatigue or weakness. In severe cases, organ damage can occur when eosinophils infiltrate tissues, causing heart inflammation, lung problems, or neurological symptoms. Many people with mild eosinophilia have no symptoms at all, and the condition is discovered incidentally through routine blood work.
Who is at risk for eosinophilia?
People with allergic conditions like asthma, hay fever, eczema, or food allergies have a higher risk of developing eosinophilia. Those who travel to or live in areas with endemic parasitic infections, particularly tropical and subtropical regions, are also at increased risk. Individuals with autoimmune diseases, those taking certain medications including antibiotics and anti-seizure drugs, and patients with inflammatory bowel disease or certain cancers face elevated risk. People with compromised immune systems or chronic skin conditions may also develop eosinophilia.
What happens if eosinophilia is left untreated?
Untreated eosinophilia can lead to serious complications, particularly when eosinophils infiltrate and damage organs. Heart damage from eosinophilic myocarditis can cause heart failure and life-threatening arrhythmias. Lung involvement can lead to chronic cough, shortness of breath, and permanent scarring. Neurological complications may include confusion, memory problems, and behavioral changes. Gastrointestinal eosinophilia can cause severe abdominal pain, malabsorption, and weight loss. Even mild eosinophilia, when caused by parasitic infections or uncontrolled autoimmune disease, can worsen without proper treatment of the underlying condition.
Can eosinophilia be diagnosed with a blood test?
Eosinophilia is definitively diagnosed with a blood test, specifically the Complete Blood Count with Differential. This test measures the exact number and percentage of eosinophils in your blood, providing objective evidence of elevation above normal ranges. Blood testing is essential because symptoms can be subtle or overlap with other conditions, making clinical diagnosis unreliable without laboratory confirmation. Once elevated eosinophils are detected, additional blood tests, stool studies, imaging, or tissue biopsies may be needed to determine the underlying cause.
How is eosinophilia treated?
Eosinophilia treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause. Allergic eosinophilia is managed with antihistamines, corticosteroids, and avoiding allergen triggers. Parasitic infections require specific antiparasitic medications like albendazole or mebendazole. Autoimmune-related eosinophilia is treated with immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids, methotrexate, or biologics. Medication-induced eosinophilia resolves by discontinuing the offending drug. In severe cases with organ damage, high-dose corticosteroids or targeted therapies like mepolizumab may be necessary. Treatment success is monitored through repeat blood testing to confirm eosinophil levels return to normal.
How can I prevent eosinophilia?
Preventing eosinophilia involves managing conditions that trigger it. Control allergies by avoiding known allergens, using air purifiers, and taking prescribed medications consistently. Prevent parasitic infections by practicing good hygiene, washing hands thoroughly, avoiding undercooked meat and contaminated water, especially when traveling to tropical areas. Manage autoimmune conditions with prescribed treatments to prevent flare-ups. Review medications with your doctor regularly to identify potential triggers. Maintain overall immune health through balanced nutrition, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management to reduce inflammatory responses.
What natural remedies help with eosinophilia?
Natural approaches can support conventional treatment but should not replace medical care. Anti-inflammatory foods like omega-3 fatty acids found in salmon, walnuts, and flaxseeds may help reduce eosinophil activation. Quercetin, a natural antihistamine found in onions, apples, and berries, can help manage allergic responses. Probiotics support gut health and may modulate immune function, particularly in eosinophilic gastrointestinal conditions. Turmeric with its active compound curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties. Stress reduction through yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises can help manage autoimmune and allergic triggers. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting supplements, especially if taking prescription medications.
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Complete Blood Count / CBC (includes Differential and Platelets)
What's included
Fast & easy, results by email & SMS
No need to visit a doctor
Private & confidential
No insurance needed
Results explained
No extra fees paid at the lab

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